1865
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Gregor Mendel, the father of modern genetics, presents his research on experiments in plant hybridization
1869
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Friedrich Miescher identifies "nuclein," DNA with associated proteins, from cell nuclei
1952
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Rosalind Franklin creates Photograph 51, showing a distinctive pattern that indicates the helical shape of DNA
1953
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James Watson and Francis Crick discover the double helix structure of DNA
1961
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Marshall Nirenberg cracks the genetic code for protein synthesis
1977
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Frederick Sanger develops rapid DNA sequencing technique
1983
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First genetic disease mapped, Huntington’s Disease
1983
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Invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology for amplifying DNA
1989
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Cystic Fibrosis gene mutation identified
1990
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First evidence provided for the existence of the BRCA1 gene
1990
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The Human Genome Project begins
1995
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Haemophilus influenzae becomes first bacterium genome sequenced
1996
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“Bermuda Principles” drafted for Human Genome Project free data access
1998
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Celera Genomics Corporation founded for sequencing the human genome
1999
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Chromosome 22 first human chromosome to be decoded
2000
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Genome sequence of model organism fruit fly reported
2001
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First draft of the human genome released
2002
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Mouse becomes first mammalian research organism with decoded genome
2003
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Human Genome Project completion announced